1. Ikintu cyafashe cy’umugozi wa silinda
Ibisobanuro bya silinda ipfundikiye: Bivuga ko ibice bya silinda bitimuka bitabasha gukora bitewe n'amavuta mabi, umwanda n'izindi mpamvu. Silinda ipfundikiye ya silinda igaragaza ko silinda yangiritse. Silinda ipfundikiye ya silinda ipfundikiye ikunze kubaho ku buso bw'icyuma gipfundikirana n'icyuma gipfundikirana, silinda n'icyuma cyo hasi, hamwe n'ubuso bw'icyuma gipfundikirana na silinda ipfundikirana.
Gutekereza nabi nk'ikintu cyafashe cyumi (compressor start failure): Bivuze ko torque yo gutangira ya compressor idashobora gutsinda resistance ya sisitemu kandi compressor ntishobora gutangira neza. Iyo imiterere yo hanze ihindutse, compressor ishobora gutangira, kandi compressor ntiyongere kwangirika.
Ibisabwa kugira ngo compressor itangire gukora neza: Umuvuduko wo gutangira compressor > imbaraga zo guhangana + imbaraga zo hejuru n'iziciriritse + imbaraga zizunguruka zo kuzenguruka Ubudahangarwa bwo guhangana: Bifitanye isano no guhangana hagati y'ubwikorezi bwo hejuru bwa compressor, ubwikorezi bwo hasi, silinda, crankshaft n'ubukana bw'amavuta yo gukonjesha ya compressor.
Imbaraga z'umuvuduko mwinshi n'umuvuduko muto: zijyanye no kuringaniza umuvuduko mwinshi n'umuvuduko muto mu buryo bw'umubiri.
Imbaraga z'ubudahangarwa bwo kuzenguruka: zijyanye n'igishushanyo mbonera cya rotor na silindiri.
2. Impamvu zikunze gutuma silinda ifata
1. Impamvu ya compressor ubwayo
Compressor itunganywa nabi, kandi imbaraga zo mu gace k’aho ihurira ntizingana, cyangwa ikoranabuhanga ryo kuyitunganya ntirihagije, kandi imyanda yinjira imbere muri kompressor mu gihe cyo gukora kompressor. Ibi ntibikunze kubaho ku byuma bitunganya imyanda.
Gukoresha compressor no guhuza sisitemu: Imashini zishyushya amazi zikoresha pump y'ubushyuhe zikorwa hashingiwe ku bikoresho bikonjesha, bityo abakora pump nyinshi zikoresha pump y'ubushyuhe bakomeje gukoresha compressor zikoresha conditioner. Igipimo ngenderwaho cy'igihugu cy'imashini zikonjesha gisaba ubushyuhe ntarengwa bwa 43°C, ni ukuvuga ubushyuhe ntarengwa ku ruhande rukonjesha ni 43°C. ℃, ni ukuvuga ubushyuhe ku ruhande rukonjesha ni 55°C. Kuri ubu bushyuhe, ubushyuhe ntarengwa bwo gusohora umwuka muri rusange ni 25kg/cm2. Niba ubushyuhe bwo mu kirere ku ruhande ruhinduka umwuka ari 43°C, ubushyuhe bwo gusohora umwuka muri rusange ni 27kg/cm2. Ibi bituma compressor ikora cyane.
Gukorera mu bihe bikomeye bishobora gutuma amavuta akoreshwa mu bukonje ahinduka karuboni, bigatuma compressor idakora neza kandi silinda igafata. Mu myaka ibiri ishize, hakozwe compressor yihariye yo gukoresha pompe z'ubushyuhe. Binyuze mu kunoza no guhindura imiterere y'imbere nk'imyobo yo kugarura amavuta imbere n'imyobo isohora umwuka, imikorere ya compressor na pompe z'ubushyuhe irushaho kuba myiza.
2. Impamvu zitera impanuka nko gutwara no gucunga
Compressor ni igikoresho gikoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, kandi umubiri w’ipompe urahuye neza. Kugongana no guhindagura gukomeye mu gihe cyo kuyitwara no kuyitwara bizatuma ingano y’umubiri w’ipompe ya compressor ihinduka. Iyo compressor itangiye cyangwa ikora, crankshaft itwara piston igana ahantu runaka. Ubudahangarwa buriyongera birumvikana, amaherezo igahagarara. Kubwibyo, compressor igomba kwitabwaho neza kuva ku ruganda kugera aho iteranyirizwa mu gikoni, kuva aho ububiko bw’ipompe kugeza aho ijyanwa mu gikoni, no kuva ku gikoni kugeza aho umukoresha ayishyira, kugira ngo hirindwe ko compressor yangirika. Kugongana, kuzunguruka, gusubira inyuma, nibindi, hakurikijwe amabwiriza agenga uruganda rukora compressor, uburyo bwo kuyitwara ntibushobora kurenza dogere 30.
3. Impamvu zo gushyiraho no gukoresha
Ku nganda zikora icyuma gikonjesha n'imashini zishyushya, hari imvugo ivuga amanota atatu ku bwiza n'amanota arindwi ku gushyiraho. Nubwo bikabije, birahagije kwerekana ko gushyiraho bifite ingaruka zikomeye ku ikoreshwa ry'icyuma gikonjesha. Kumena kw'amazi, n'ibindi bizagira ingaruka ku ikoreshwa ry'icyuma gikonjesha. Reka tubisobanure kimwe kimwe.
Ikizamini cy'urwego: Uruganda rukora compressor ruteganya ko uburyo compressor ikora bugomba kuba munsi ya 5, kandi igice kinini kigomba gushyirwaho kitambitse, kandi uburyo ikora bugomba kuba munsi ya 5. Gukoresha igihe kirekire hamwe n'uburyo bugaragara bizatera imbaraga zitangana mu gace ndetse no kugaragara kw'ubushyamirane bunini mu gace.
Gusohoka: Igihe kinini cyo gusukura ibintu kizatera icyuma gikonjesha kidahagije, compressor ntizaba ifite icyuma gikonjesha gihagije cyo gukonjesha, ubushyuhe bw'imyotsi buzaba buri hejuru, amavuta yo gukonjesha azahinduka karuboni hanyuma ahinduke, kandi compressor izahagarara bitewe no kutagira amavuta ahagije. Iyo hari umwuka muri sisitemu, umwuka ni gaze idakonjesha, izatera umuvuduko mwinshi cyangwa ihindagurika ridasanzwe, kandi ubuzima bwa compressor buzagira ingaruka. Kubwibyo, iyo isukuye ibintu, igomba gusukurwa neza hakurikijwe ibisabwa bisanzwe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-11-2023