Ingingo z'ingenzi zo kwitaho mu gishushanyo mbonera cy'ububiko bukonje zirimo ingingo 5 zikurikira:
1. Gushushanya aho kubika ibintu bikonjesha no kugena ingano y'aho kubika ibintu bikonjesha byagenewe.
2. Ibintu bibitswe mu bubiko bukonje kandi bikenera umuvuduko wo gukonjesha mu bubiko bukonje.
3. Guhitamo ibikoresho byo gukonjesha bikoreshwa mu kubika ibintu bikonjesha.
Igishushanyo mbonera cy'ububiko bukonje kigomba kwita ku hantu, uburyo ubushyuhe bugenzurwa, imiterere y'ibikoresho, n'ibindi bya cububiko bwa kera.
Muri rusange, ububiko buto n'ubuciriritse bufite inyungu nyinshi nko gushyiraho igihe gito, gukoresha vuba kandi neza, igiciro gikwiye kandi gihendutse, nibindi, byamenyekanye vuba ku isoko kandi bikoreshwa cyane mu nganda nyinshi, nko mu maduka manini, amahoteli, mu mirima no mu bigo bitunganya ibiribwa. Amavuriro, farumasi, nibindi.
None se wakora ute gahunda yo gushushanya ububiko bukonje? Ni izihe ngingo zigomba kumenyekana mu gushushanya ububiko bukonje kugira ngo gahunda y'igishushanyo mbonera ibashe gusobanurwa vuba?
1. Gushushanya aho kubika ibintu bikonjesha no kugena ingano y'aho kubika ibintu bikonjesha byagenewe.
Guhitamo ahantu ho kubika ibintu bikonje no gutegura igishushanyo mbonera cy’aho kubika ibintu bikonje bigomba kandi kuzirikana inyubako n’ibikoresho bikenerwa, nk’amazu yo gukoreramo, ibyumba byo gupakira no kurangiza, ububiko bw’ibikoresho n’ibikoresho byo gupakira no gupakurura. Kwita cyane: Niba ahantu hagomba kwirindwa guturika, nyamuneka kurikiza neza ibisabwa kugira ngo ibikoresho bikonje.
Gushyiramo ububiko buto bukonjesha bishobora kuba mu nzu cyangwa hanze, kandi ikiguzi cyo gushyiraho mu nzu kiri hasi ugereranyije n'icyo gushyira hanze.
Dukurikije imiterere y'ikoreshwa, ububiko bukonje bushobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bitatu:ububiko bukonjesha butangwa, ububiko bukonjesha bugurishwa, n'ububiko bukonjesha bukorwa.
Ububiko bukonjesha bwubatswe mu gace gakorerwamo imirimo aho ibicuruzwa biba byiganjemo, kandi ibintu nko gutwara ibintu byoroshye no guhuza isoko nabyo bigomba kwitabwaho.
Hagomba kubaho uburyo bwiza bwo kuvoma amazi hafi y’aho ububiko bukonje, urwego rw’amazi yo mu butaka rugomba kuba ruto, ni byiza kugira igice kiri munsi y’aho ububiko bukonje, kandi hagakoreshwa umwuka mwiza. Kugumana humutse ni ingenzi cyane mu kubika ahantu hakonje. Ingano y’aho ububiko bukonje Ingano y’aho ububiko bukonje igomba gutegurwa hakurikijwe ingano ntarengwa y’ibikomoka ku buhinzi bigomba kubikwa mu gihe cy’umwaka wose. Ubu bushobozi bubarwa hashingiwe ku ngano y’ibikomoka ku buhinzi bigomba kuba biri mu bubiko bukonje, hamwe n’inzira ziri hagati y’imirongo, umwanya uri hagati y’urukuta n’urukuta, igisenge, n’icyuho kiri hagati y’aho ububiko bupakira. Nyuma yo kumenya ubushobozi bw’aho ububiko bukonje, menya uburebure n’uburebure bw’aho ububiko bukonje.
Nyiri ububiko bukonje agomba kubwira ikigo cy’ubuhanga mu kubika ibintu bikonje ingano zirambuye z’ububiko bukonje, nko: uburebure, ubugari n’uburebure. Niwaba uzi aya makuru gusa, ushobora gukora ibarura rikurikira. Byongeye kandi, ni byiza kumenya icyerekezo cy’imbere cyangwa hanze, amadirishya afunguye kugira ngo habeho umwuka, nibindi.
2. Ibintu bibitswe mu bubiko bukonje kandi bikenera umuvuduko wo gukonjesha mu bubiko bukonje.
Iyo ukeneye gushyira ibintu runaka mu bubiko bukonje ni bwo bwonyine dushobora kumenya ubwoko bw'ububiko bukonje ukeneye. Urugero, ubushyuhe n'ubushuhe bw'ububiko bushya bw'imboga n'imbuto biratandukanye. Nubwo ububiko ari bumwe, ibikoresho byihariye byo kubika ni byo bikwiranye n'ubushyuhe butandukanye. , Cowen ishobora no kuba itandukanye. Shyira inyama muri firigo ifite ubushyuhe bwa -18°C. Ingano y'icyuma gikozwe nayo iratandukanye bitewe n'ubushyuhe; umuvuduko wo gukonjesha w'ububiko buto bukonje urakenewe. Urugero, bimfata iminota 30 kugira ngo ngere ku bushyuhe bwo gukonjesha nkeneye muri ubu bubiko bukonje, cyangwa ububiko bwawe bukonje bukunze koherezwa no gusohoka. Muri ibyo bihe, imiterere y'icyuma ikunze kuba igomba kongerwa, bitabaye ibyo ubushyuhe bw'ububiko bukonje ntibuzagabanuka vuba bihagije, bigatuma ibiryo bigabanuka, nibindi; ingano y'imizigo iyi bubiko bukonje bubakwa buri munsi, ingano y'umusaruro mwinshi izatwara byinshi, niba ingano y'umusaruro ishobora kugereranywa, Yuanbao Refrigeration izashushanya icyumba cyo gufatiramo abakiriya kugira ngo ububiko bukonje bushobore kugira igihe gihagije cyo guhagarara buri munsi, Ingufu nyinshi kandi zigakoresha ingufu nyinshi.
3. Guhitamo ibikoresho byo gukonjesha bikoreshwa mu kubika ibintu bikonjesha.
Uburyo bw'ingenzi cyane ni igice cy'ingenzi cya kompreseri mu bubiko bukonje. Compressors zisanzwe zigabanyijemo pistons zo mu bwoko bwa semi-hermetic, imizingo ifunze neza, pistons zifunze neza, na kompreseri zifunze neza.
Ibikoresho byo gukonjesha by’ububiko buto bukonjesha bigira hafi 30% by’ikiguzi cyo kubaka ububiko bukonjesha.
Guhitamo Compressor yo muri firigo Mu gikoresho gikonjesha cyo mu bubiko bukonjesha, ubushobozi n'ingano ya kompressor yo muri firigo bishyirwaho hakurikijwe ubushyuhe ntarengwa bw'umusaruro kandi hakarebwa ibipimo bitandukanye byo muri firigo. Mu musaruro nyawo, ntibishoboka guhuza neza n'imiterere y'igishushanyo. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa guhitamo no guhindura hakurikijwe uko ibintu bimeze kugira ngo hamenyekane ubushobozi n'ingano y'impapuro zigomba gushyirwa mu bikorwa, kugira ngo hakoreshwe ikoreshwa rito cyane n'imiterere ikwiye kugira ngo harebwe imirimo isabwa yo muri firigo ikonjesha.
Ibirango bizwi cyane bya compressor ni Copeland, Bitzer, nibindi. Ikiguzi cy'ibirango bitandukanye kizatandukana cyane, cyane cyane ku isoko ryo mu gihugu rikonjesha no mu bukonje, hari compressor nyinshi zavuguruwe n'izitari iz'impimbano hamwe na compressor zikopeshwa. Iyo abakiriya baziguze, zizakoreshwa mu kuzibungabunga nyuma. Kuzibungabunga biteza akaga gakomeye.
Muri rusange, hakurikijwe ingengo y'imari y'umukiriya, igiciro cy'ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga cyangwa ibyo mu gihugu kizahinduka ku rugero runaka. Guhitamo uburyo bwo gukonjesha mu bubiko bukonje Guhitamo uburyo bwo gukonjesha mu bubiko bukonje ahanini ni uguhitamo kompreseri na evaporator.
Mu bihe bisanzwe, firigo nto zikoresha cyane cyane compressors zifunze neza. Ububiko buciriritse bukoresha compressors za piston zifunze neza muri rusange; ububiko bunini bukoresha screws za piston zifunze neza cyangwa imitwe myinshi ya piston. Nyuma yo kugena mbere, igishushanyo mbonera cy’ububiko bufunze neza n’uburyo bwo kubukoresha biracyari ingorabahizi.
4. Guhitamo ikibaho cyo kubika ibintu bikonjesha.
Uburyo bwo gusiga ibikoresho bikonjesha mu bubiko Guhitamo ibikoresho bikonjesha mu bubiko bigomba guhuzwa n'imiterere y'aho hantu, aho bitaba gusa bifite ubushobozi bwiza bwo gusiga ibikoresho bikonjesha, ahubwo kandi bikaba bihendutse kandi bifatika. Imiterere y'uburyo bugezweho bwo kubika ibintu bikonjesha irimo gutera imbere mu buryo bwo kubika ibintu bikonjesha byateguwe mbere. Ibikoresho bikonjesha birimo urwego rudahinduka n'ubushyuhe n'urwego rudahinduka bikorerwa kandi bigateranywa aho hantu. Ibyiza ni uko inyubako yoroshye, yihuta kandi yimukanwa, ariko igiciro ni kinini. Niba umukiriya nta byangombwa byihariye afite, ikigo gishinzwe gushyiraho ububiko bukonje muri rusange kizahitamo ububiko buhendutse ku mukiriya. Birumvikana ko ububiko bufite kandi ubwiza kandi bwiza, kandi igiciro cy'ububiko buto bukonjesha kiziyongera mu buryo busanzwe.
Ikibaho gikonjesha gifite: polyurethane, icyuma gifite amabara, icyuma gifite impande ebyiri, icyuma kitagira umugese, ubugari buratandukanye mu bubiko burimo ubushyuhe bwinshi n'ubushyuhe buke, ibisanzwe ni cm 10, cm 15 na cm 20.
5. Urugi rw'ububiko buto bukonjesha rugomba gushyirwaho neza hakurikijwe ubugari bw'inzira ishobora gukoreshwa aho hantu.
Imiterere isanzwe y'inzugi irimo inzugi zizunguruka, inzugi zizunguruka, inzugi zikoresha amashanyarazi, inzugi zizunguruka, inzugi z'impeshyi, nibindi; Ishobora gukoreshwa neza hakurikijwe ibyo abakiriya bakeneye. Niba ingano y'ubwikorezi bw'imizigo ari nto, ni byiza gukoresha urugi ruzunguruka rushobora korohereza ibikoresho binini no gutuma imizigo minini yinjira kandi igasohoka mu buryo bwihuse.
Byongeye kandi, hari: guhitamo uburyo bwo gukonjesha mu bubiko bukonje, ahanini guhitamo kompreseri n'icyuma gikonjesha mu bubiko bukonjesha. Mu bihe bisanzwe, ububiko buto bukonjesha ahanini bukoresha kompreseri zikonjesha zidafite umwuka; ububiko buciriritse bukoresha kompreseri zidafite umwuka mwinshi; ububiko bunini bukoresha kompreseri zidafite umwuka mwinshi, kandi uburyo bwo gukonjesha ibikoresho bikonjesha bugabanijwemo gukonjesha umwuka, gukonjesha amazi n'ubukonjesha buva mu mwuka. Imiterere, abakoresha bashobora guhitamo hakurikijwe uko ibintu bimeze, igishushanyo mbonera cy'ububiko bukonjesha gishushanya gushyiraho no gucunga ububiko bukonjesha biragoye cyane.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kamena-11-2022