Ububiko bukonjesha bw'izuba ni iki?

Ni gute wakora ububiko bukonjesha bw'izuba?

Ndizera ko buri wese azi neza amashanyarazi akoresha imirasire y'izuba. Kubera ko amashanyarazi akoresha imirasire y'izuba agenda akwirakwira, ububiko bukonje bushobora gukoresha ububiko bukoresha imirasire y'izuba buhoro buhoro n'ubw'izuba. Ibyuma bikoresha imirasire y'izuba bishyirwa hafi y'ububiko bukonje bugendanwa, bushobora gupfunyika, hanyuma bigakoresha ingufu z'urumuri kugira ngo bikore amashanyarazi. Ubwo bwoko bw'ububiko bukonje ahanini ni ukugabanya ikiguzi cy'amashanyarazi. Muri iki gihe, uturemangingo twa polysilicon dukoreshwa mu bubiko bukonje cyane, kuko igipimo cyo guhindura ari kinini, nta mwanda, kandi igihombo ni gito.
Uburyo bwo kubika amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba bukoresha imirasire y'izuba ni iki? Uburyo bwo kubika amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba Uburyo bwo kubika amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba bugomba kandi gushyirwamo moteri zitanga moteri, ibikoresho byuzuzanya na mazutu, bateri, ahantu ho kubika, nibindi. Ugereranyije n'uburyo gakondo, uburyo bushya bwo kubika amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba bukoresha imirasire y'izuba bukoresha imirasire y'izuba ni ikintu gishya gikoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho giteza imbere inzira y'amateka yo kubika amashanyarazi. Bushobora gukosora amakosa y'ubundi buryo bwo kubika amashanyarazi mu bijyanye no gutanga ingufu n'ibindi bintu, kandi bukoresha uburyo bwa Peltier effect principle n'ihame ryayo ryo guhindura amashanyarazi kugira ngo bufungure inzira nshya ku isoko ryo kubika amashanyarazi.

Uduce tw’izuba dukoresha ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba, ububiko bw’ingufu ... bukoresha ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba, ububiko bw’ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba bukoresha silicon, ububiko bw’ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba bukoresha polymer nyinshi, ububiko bw’ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba bukoresha nanocrystalline, ububiko bw’ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba, muri byo ububiko bw’ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba bukoresha silicon imwe, ububiko bw’ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba bukoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, ni byo byiganje mu ikoreshwa ryazo. Zishobora kugabanywamo silicon imwe, silicon imwe, ububiko bw’ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba bukoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho n’ibindi.
Nk'ububiko bunini bw'ibikoresho bishya, ushobora guhitamo uturemangingo twa silikoni tw'izuba twa polycrystalline, kuko ubwo bwoko bw'uturemangingo tw'izuba bufite imiterere yo guhinduranya imbaraga cyane. Niba ari ukugira ngo ubwiza n'uburyo bworoshye, uturemangingo tw'izuba tworoshye kandi duhindagurika ni amahitamo meza. Ubu bubiko bw'ibikoresho bishya bufite uturemangingo tw'izuba ntibusaba ibindi bikoresho bitanga ingufu nk'ingufu za chimique, ingufu za mekanike, ingufu z'amazi, ingufu z'umuyaga, ingufu za kirimbuzi, cyangwa ibikoresho byo kohereza ingufu. Bushobora gukusanya ingufu z'icyatsi kibisi n'izidahungabanya ibidukikije ingufu z'izuba zikayihinduramo ingufu z'amashanyarazi zo gukoresha ibikoresho bikonjesha bya semiconductor. N'ibindi bice, inzira yose nta mwanda ifite, ikoreshwa ryoroshye kandi ryihuse, igihombo gito n'ibindi byiza bitagereranywa by'izindi sisitemu zo gutanga ingufu.

Imirimo yo gukonjesha no gushyushya ibikoresho byo kubika ubukonje bikoresha imirasire y'izuba Ibice byo gukonjesha bya semiconductor bikorwa binyuze mu ihame ryo gukonjesha no gushyushya imiyoboro ya PN, ni ukuvuga ingaruka za Peltier. Igikoresho cyoroshye cyakozwe gikikije icyitegererezo gifite ubuso bubiri bwa ceramic bukonjesha ku ruhande rumwe n'ubushyuhe ku rundi iyo amashanyarazi akoreshejwe. Ingufu zitangwa zisubira inyuma kandi ubuso bwo gukonjesha no gushyushya bugahererekanywa. Muri ubu buryo, ikoreshwa rya sisitemu y'ibice bya semiconductor mu bubiko bwo kubika ubukonjesha rishobora gutandukanya imikorere yabwo yo gukonjesha no gushyushya, kugira ngo ibintu bigomba gukonjeshwa no kumywa bigume bishya ukwabyo, kandi amaherezo ingaruka zo gukoresha umutungo wose zishobora kugerwaho. Niba urwego rw'imbere rushobora kuba urwego rwo gushyushya, urwego rwo hanze ni urwego rwo gukonjesha. Ariko, kugerwaho kw'ingaruka ebyiri bizagirwaho ingaruka cyane n'isi yo hanze, bityo ni ngombwa kongeramo ubushyuhe, gukuraho ubushuhe n'ibindi bikoresho.

Imirimo yo gukingira ubushyuhe no gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe mu kubika ubukonje bukoresha imirasire y'izuba hamwe n'uburyo bwose bwo gukora. Iyi miterere ikoresha ibikoresho bikonjesha bya keramike n'amasahani ahinduka, kandi ishyirwaho na radiator binyuze mu gufunga insinga. Ishyirwa ku gifuniko cyo hejuru cy'agasanduku gakoresha amazi mashya. Isahani yo gupfuka, umufana ashyirwa mu mwobo uzengurutse uri hagati y'isahani yo gupfuka, hanyuma inyuma hakozwe mu bikoresho bikingira ubushyuhe, bihuzwa n'icyuma gipima ubushyuhe ku mubiri w'agasanduku hakoreshejwe amashanyarazi, kugira ngo igikoresho gikonjesha, radiator, n'umufana w'amashanyarazi bihujwe n'amashanyarazi bishobore gukora icyarimwe, kandi ubushyuhe buri mu gasanduku bugenzurwe n'uburyo ubushyuhe bwikora. Muri ubu buryo, igishushanyo ntabwo gifite gusa akazi ko gukingira ubushyuhe no gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe, ahubwo gishobora no kugenzura ubushyuhe, gukuraho ubushuhe, no kubungabunga ubushuhe bukwiye mu bubiko bukoresha amazi mashya.

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